Number one rule - VoiceOver is primarily designed to be operated from the keyboard by using Mac or VoiceOver keyboard commands, not the mouse.
1. When turning on your Mac for the first time, verify where the power button is. For example:
On my MacBook Pro its above and diagonally to the right of the Eject key on the keyboard: a slightly indented round button.
On my Mac air, its the right most key on the top row of keys on the keyboard.
On my iMac, its a round flush button on the back left hand side of the iMac as you look at the machine.
Sounds obvious, but I always got stuck trying to find the power button to turn the Mac on.
2. General locations of ports on Mac desktops and laptops.
Mac desktop: ports at the back and down towards the bottom edge on the right hand side.
Mac laptops: ports on the left hand side.
Macbook pro 13 and 15 inch machines have an optical (super drive) slot on the right hand side. Note - Mac air and Mac retina laptops do not have a super drive.
On the MacBooks, the inbuilt trackpad is in front of the Space key.
3. Apple keyboards, trackpads (Magic trackpad), and mice (Magic mouse).
The Apple Bluetooth keyboard used on iMacs is the same layout as the keyboard in Apple's range of laptops.
If you want an extended Apple keyboard with the numeric keypad, these plug in via UsB, not Bluetooth.
The Bluetooth Magic trackpad that can come with the iMac is the same as the trackpad in the range of laptops, and can be used by VoiceOver. Note - if you wanted to, you could use the Bluetooth Magic trackpad on a Mac laptop as well.
The Bluetooth Magic mouse that can come with the iMac is not accessible by VoiceOver. Note - if you wanted to, you could use the Bluetooth Magic mouse on a Mac laptop as well.
The reason for mentioning the possibility of running a second Bluetooth Magic Trackpad or Bluetooth Magic mouse, is for VoiceOver users you could have the trackpad in a Macbook being utilised by VoiceOver, and then the external Bluetooth Magic trackpad or Magic mouse being used as the mouse, a benefit if you need sighted assistance and the person only knows how to use the mouse.
4. Positions of major keys on the Apple wifi keyboard that are in MacBooks or come with the iMac: i.e. the keyboards that have no numeric keypad.
4 keys to the left of the Space key from left to right are:
Function (FN) key: for accessing an alternative state of the Function keys current setting on the top row of the keyboard. Also used to change the state of the Arrow keys.
Control: Control key.
Option: Option key.
Command key: Command key.
Escape key: top row, first key from left.
Function keys 1 through to 12: top row, starting second key in from the left: Function key 1, and then through to Function key 12 going from left to right.
Arrow keys: Inverted capital letter t bottom right of keyboard. op Up arrow, bottom Down arrow, left Left arrow, and right Right arrow. When held down with the Function key: top Page up, bottom Page down, left Home, and right End.
Delete key: second row from the top, right most key. Note - there is no Back space key on a Mac keyboard.
Enter or Return key: home row with the dots on the letter h and J keys, far most right key.
5. If VoiceOver is not talking on the Mac you are using, press the Command key (key to the left of the Space key) and press Function key 5. This is known as a toggle command, so pressing this key combination will toggle VoiceOver on or off.
6. If you are thinking you are not getting any sound out of the Mac because someone has muted or turned down the volume: press function key 12 volume up, 11 volume down or 10 to toggle mute on or off.
7. If VoiceOver has been run for the first time on the Mac, you will hear a welcome dialog asking you to press the v key if you know how to use VoiceOver or Space key if you would like to learn how to use VoiceOver. Pressing V will run VoiceOver, and Space will start the VoiceOver Quick Start tutorial. Note - if VoiceOver has been previously run on a Mac, VoiceOver will come up straightaway without this prompt.
8. The keys that VoiceOver uses for most of its commands start with the Control and Option keys held down together and are referred to as the VoiceOver or VO keys for short. For example, if you wanted to explore the keyboard with VoiceOver keyboard help: you would hold down Control, Option, and k: written as VO+k (pressing the Escape key exits VoiceOver keyboard help).
9. Particularly in Australia, the default speech synthesizer for VoiceOver on the Mac is called Lee, and is very hard to understand. To get VoiceOver to use the much clearer Alex voice, press FN+VO+F8 to run the VoiceOver Utility, once this comes up, the voice should have changed to Alex, and then just press the Command key plus Q to quit the VoiceOver Utility.
9. To adjust the speech synthesizer preferences (rate, pitch, volume, intonation, and voice) that VoiceOver uses:
Hold down VO+Command keys all together, and at the same time, press Left or Right arrow keys to cycle between the speech synthesizer options, when you get to the item you want (still holding down VO+Command keys), use the Up or Down arrow keys to adjust that item. For example, hold down VO+Command, Right arrow until you hear rate, and then Up arrow to speed up the voice each time you press the Up arrow or Down arrow to slow down the voice each time you press the Down arrow.
10. To access the VoiceOver Help menu at any time, press VO+H.
This will give you access to: online help (via the internet), Commands help menu (listing all VoiceOver commands by category), Keyboard help (explore the keyboard by having VoiceOver speak the keys), Sounds help (what the sounds are that VoiceOver uses), Quick Start tutorial, and the Getting Started guide. To Navigate the VoiceOver Help menu, press Down or Up arrow to get to the choice you wish to use, and press the Enter key to select. To exit the VoiceOver Help menu, just press the Escape key. For example, VO+H to access the VoiceOver Help menu, Down arrow until you hear Quick Start, and then press the Enter key to access the Quick Start tutorial.
11. If you wish to activate VoiceOver gestures (called VoiceOver trackpad commander) on either the inbuilt trackpad on a Macbook or on a connected Bluetooth trackpad: hold down the VO keys and do a two finger clockwise rotate on the trackpad to turn it on (two finger counter clockwise turns it off). The Quick Start tutorial if it detects a trackpad will take the user through using the gestures for VoiceOver or VoiceOver keyboard help (VO+K) can be also used to practice gesture on the trackpad.
12. When you arrive at your Mac's desktop screen, it will either be blank with no icons or contain icons for files or drives which the Mac calls volumes (by default your hard drive volume called Macintosh HD is hidden from the desktop). At the top of the screen will be the Menu bar (Apple, Finder, File, Edit etc), and at the bottom of the screen will be the Dock (containing Finder, Mail, Safari etc). You can always move the focus to the desktop, menu bar or Dock at any time by using these 3 VoiceOver commands: VO+M for menu bar, VO+D for Dock, and VO+Shift+D for desktop.
13. Some points about the Menu bar. When you move to the menu bar with Vo+M, you will always land on the Apple menu. If you then press the Right arrow key, you will move across the menu options for Finder, File etc. To pull one of these menu options down to use their options, just press Down arrow, keep using Down arrow to get to the option you want to use, and then press the Enter key. Pressing the Escape key will always back out of a sub-menu or the main menu bar.
There is also a second menu (called Menu Extras) that you can access by pressing VO+M again which contains such items as Bluetooth, wifi connection , Volume, Battery (if you are on a laptop), Clock etc. To navigate these menu headings you will have to use the Voiceover keys with the Left or Right arrow keys (you are now using VoiceOver commands to go to the next or previous item), to select a menu, press VO+Space: you can now use the Down or Up Arrow keys to navigate the menu, and press the Enter key to choose an option. Like the main menu bar, Escape works the same way.
VO+M will always cycle you between these two menus or if you are just sitting at the desktop, you could jump straight to the Extras menu by holding down the VO keys and pressing M twice.
The main menu bar will always show you what application is currently being used by changing the name of the 2nd menu (the one after the Apple menu). So when you are in Finder, the 2nd menu item will be Finder, if you are in Mail, the 2nd menu will be Mail, if you are in Safari the 2nd menu item will be Safari etc.
The main menu bar is also where you access the command to close down your Mac. Press VO+M for main menu, Down Arrow on the Apple menu, keep pressing Down Arrow until you hear shut down, and press the Enter key twice to close down your Mac.
14. Some points about the Dock.
Move to the dock with VO+D. The Dock contains applications that you can access any time without having to access your Applications folder on your Mac. You have a number of preset applications already on the Dock including Mail, Safari etc. If you do run an application from your Applications folder, it will also appear in the Dock while you are using it, and then disappear when you quit that application. Once you are on the Dock, press Left or Right Arrow keys to move between the applications on the Dock, and press the Enter key to select an application.
15. Some points about the desktop.
Move to the desktop with VO+Shift+D. If you want to move between files or volumes on the desktop, press Tab or Shift plus Tab key to move to the next or previous item on the desktop, and then press the Command key plus O to open that item. If you press the enter key on an application, document, volume etc, that item will be highlighted to allow you to give it a new name: it does not open that item.
If you stick a USB key in to your Mac, it will appear on your desktop. Tab or Shift+Tab key to the volume (USB stick name), and press Command+O to open. To eject a USB stick or other external volume (drive), when you are on that item, press Command+E to eject the volume safely.
16. When you are at the desktop, you are also in what is called the Finder. The Finder allows you to get access to all the applications, folders, and documents that are on your Mac. The Finder itself is also considered to be an application in its own wright. So if you were using Mail on your Mac, you would still be running two applications on your Mac; Mail, and Finder.
When you are at the desktop, you can quickly jump to 5 main folders on your Mac:
Shift plus Command plus A: will take you to the Applications folder (all applications installed on your Mac including Mail, Safari, Textedit, etc.
Shift plus Command plus O - will take you to the Documents folder (where the documents you create are saved).
Shift plus Command plus U will take you to the Utilities folder (these are specific utility applications, and is also where the VoiceOver utility for further configuring VoiceOver is stored).
Option plus Command plus L - will take you to the Downloads folder (files downloaded by Safari from the Internet are stored here).
Shift plus Command plus H will take you to your main Home folder which actually contains the Documents and Downloads folder. The Applications folder contains the Utilities folder as well, with the Applications folder being under your Macintosh hard drive Volume. If you want to just close the current folder window that’s open, press Command+W or to close all Windows that you may have open in Finder, press Command+Option+W.
17. Changing the view in a Volume or folder.
In any volume or folder that you access on your Mac including the Applications, Document, Downloads, Utilities, and Home folder, you can change the way that the folder is displayed on the screen. On a new Mac or the first time you have accessed a new volume, the starting view will be in image view. For VoiceOver users, it is recommended that you use the List view. So rather than having a grid or table of icons on the screen, you just have a list. To switch to List View, press Command key plus 2. If at any time you want to go back to image view, press Command key plus 1. Once you have changed a volume or folders view, the next time you go back in to it, it will be in the last view you used. This command will not work when you are just sitting at the desktop.
18. Finding something on your Mac: using Spotlight.
Press Command key plus Space to bring up Spotlight when you are in Finder, Type what you want to find, a list will come up automatically, Down Arrow key through the list, and if you find what you wanted, press the Enter key to access. Otherwise, press the Escape key to exit.
19. To run an application on your Mac from the Applications folder:
Make sure you are at the desktop with VO+Shift+D (in other words you are making sure you are back in finder),
Pressing Shift+Command+A will take you to the Applications folder (remember if it’s not in List View, press Command+2),
Press Down or Up arrow keys to move down or up the list of applications, and
when you get to the application you wish to use, press Command+O to open. To quit an application, press Command+Q. When you are in an application such as Mail, Safari or Textedit for example, Command+Tab key will switch you to the next running application, including taking you also back to the Finder.
20. Some notes on using Mail.
Command+N create new message, Tab or Shift+Tab keys moves between fields, and when ready to send the message press Command+Shift+D. Tab or Shift+Tab key takes you between your Mail box list and the list of Messages. Up or Down arrow moves up or down the list of mail box's or Messages. When you are on the message you want to read, press VO+j to read the message content and then VO+J to jump back to the list of messages. Command+Q will quit Mail or you could Command+Tab to another application or back to Finder.
21. Some notes on using Safari.
To open up a webpage. press Command+L, type in a web address, and press the Enter key. By default, if you want to move through links on a webpage, hold down the FN key and press Tab or Shift+Tab key to move to the previous or next link on the web page. Pressing Enter key on a link will activate that link. If you want to read the screen with VoiceOver, VO+Left or Right Arrow keys will move you up and down the screen, and VO+Space will activate a link if you have moved on to it. Command+Q will quit Safari or you could Command+Tab to another application or back to Finder.
22. Some notes on using Textedit.
When you go in to Textedit, you will be placed in the editing Area. To let VoiceOver know that you wish to stay in this area (particularly if you start using Voiceover navigation commands), use the start interacting command which is VO+Shift+Down Arrow key: the stop interacting command by the way is VO+Shift+Up Arrow key if you want to use VoiceOver commands to explore the rest of the screen. Down or Up Arrow keys will move you down or up a line, Left or Right Arrow keys move by character, and Option+Left or Right Arrow keys will move by word. If you have typed some text in to Textedit and you press Command+Q, you will be presented with a dialog box asking what you wish to do with this current document, press the Tab key or Shift+Tab key to go through options of Delete (get rid of document), Cancel (return to document) or Save (save document. VoiceOver will alert you of any mis-spelled words. If you want to jump to any mis-spelled words you may have in your document, use the VoiceOver command VO+Command+E or VO+Shift+Command+E to search forward or backward through the document.
To highlight, press Shift plus Arrow keys, to speak back what has been highlighted by VoiceOver press Fn+VO+F6, and then Command+C to copy, Command+X to cut or Command+V to paste.
Command+Q will quit Textedit or you could Command+Tab to another application or back to Finder.
23. Typing text in to your Mac: for example typing a new message or in a Textedit document.
When moving the cursor, you will be to the right of the item if moving right or left of the item when moving left. For example, if you type the word dog, the cursor is to the right of the letter g, if you press the Left Arrow key you will here g as the cursor is now to the left of the letter g or when you finished typing in the word dog, pressed Option+Left Arrow you would hear the word dog again with the cursor being to the left of the letter d, if you pressed Option+Right Arrow key you would hear dog again with the cursor now being to the right of the letter g at the end of the word dog. In other words, the cursor is never on a letter, it’s always to the left or right of the letter. So if you want to delete a character, you need to be to the right of the character to delete it.
24. Changing the way VoiceOver echoes keyboard input.
When you type on the keyboard using VoiceOver, each key you press is echoed. You can change this by bringing up the VoiceOver verbosity dialog with VO+V, typing echo is the first option, press Down Arrow key to desired option (such as character and word), and press the Enter key. To abort, just press the Escape key if you don't want to make any changes. If you are now in character and word keyboard echo mode, when you type in to a new message or in a document, each character will be echoed, and when you press the Space key or a punctuation mark the word you have just typed in will be also announced (quite handy for picking up typing mistakes on the spot).
25. Getting VoiceOver to tell you where you are.
To go from what application you are currently in, what window (file, document, web page etc) or what item VoiceOver is currently on, use these following commands (use the FN key with these commands):
Fn+VO+F1: current application Window (such as Safari).
FN+vO+F2: Current Window (such as Apple Accessibility web page).
FN+VO+F3: current Voiceover item (text or link that the Voiceover cursor is sitting on).
26. Some VoiceOver Navigation commands to read current: character, word, line, sentence, or paragraph or read from beginning or VoiceOver cursor position
VO+C: read current character.
VO+W: read current word.
VO+L: read current line.
VO+P: read current paragraph.
VO+B: read from beginning.
VO+A: read from current Voiceover position.
The commands to read the current item are useful because they do not move the actual cursor.
27. Using the VoiceOver Web Rotor in Safari.
To allow a VoiceOver user to efficiently access headings, links, form controls etc, the web rotor will bring up a list of these items, that you can then navigate to.
Press VO+U to bring up the web rotor, Left or Right Arrow keys to select your desired element (link, heading etc), Down or Up Arrow key to go through that list of items, and press enter key on the item you want. Note - pressing the Enter key on an item just moves the VoiceOver cursor to that item, it does not activate that item.
The voiceOver Trackpad Commander (see above) if on, uses a two finger rotate clockwise or counter clockwise to go through the various web rotor options, and then a one finger flick up or down will move to the next occurrence of that item.
Another option called Quick Nav, will also access this rotor as well. Press Left and Right Arrow keys together (toggle). When on, Up/Left or Up/Right Arrow keys moves through the various web rotor options, and then Up or Down Arrow keys moves to that next or previous item.
Both Trackpad and Quick Nav will allow navigation in Finder or in applications as well. However, the rotor option is then just known as the rotor and only has options for moving by character, word, or navigation.
28. VoiceOver Keyboard commander.
To make it faster to access Mail, Safari, and to know what the current time/date is you can activate the VoiceOver Keyboard commander. Press VO+Shift+K (this toggles the VoiceOver Keyboard commander on or off): now you can press Right Option key plus S to run Safari, M for Mail or T to find out what the current date/time is.
29. The cursors that VoiceOver keeps track of and can jump to.
VoiceOver keeps track of its own Voiceover cursor, the keyboard or system cursor, and the mouse pointer. By default, the voiceOver and keyboard cursors are usually on the same item. To check the location of each of these 3 main cursors:
VO+F3: VoiceOver cursor item.
VO+F4: keyboard focus item.
VO+F5: mouse cursor item.
30. Some tips and comments.
VoiceOver will not work with Microsoft office.
VoiceOver in Textedit identifies a mis-spelled word, this does not work in Pages.
If you have the Voiceover trackpad commander on: a three finger double tap toggles speech output on or off which can be a trap for beginner users. i.e. if they think VoiceOver is not working, they will do Command+F5 to turn voiceOver off and on again: but will hear: VoiceOver on, speech off.
Use Preview to access PDF files or to listen to an audio file without having to bring up iTunes.
A three finger triple tap on the trackpad if VoiceOver trackpad Commander is on will toggle screen curtain which blanks the screen for privacy so that other people will not be able to see what is being used on the Mac.
Press the FN key twice to invoke dictation (say in Textedit), speak for 30 seconds or less, press FN key once, and spoken words will be translated into text.
If person can not remember how to spell a word, if they have partially typed it in, press the Escape key to bring up a list of suggestions, arrow through the list, and press Enter to select word.
If a system dialog box is on the screen (stopping sighted folks from seeing what is behind it - doesn't effect VoiceOver users), a VoiceOver user can access the System dialog by bringing up a list of running applications with VO+F1F1, Down Arrow to system dialog which will be the first item, Enter key to select, down arrow to System dialog, Enter key again, and then deal with what the System dialog message is saying.
Put the Macintosh HD back on the desktop which is a good orientation point for when a person lands back on the desktop with the VO+Shift+D command. Bring up Finder preferences with VO+, (comma), and in the General tab check hard drives (Escape key to exit).
To allow the VoiceOver user to stop having to hold down the FN key every time they want to do a VoiceOver command that involves the function keys, go to System preferences, Keyboard, Keyboard tab and check use All function keys as standard function keys. This means that to use the volume function keys etc, you'll have to hold down the Fn key.
To stop the VoiceOver user having to hold down the Fn key when Tabbing through links in Safari, go into Safari preferences with Command+, (comma), and in Advanced tab, check use tab key to highlight each item on a web page, Escape key to exit.
When playing music, remember that F7, F8 and F9 are Previous, Play/Pause, and Next iTunes track: you can also turn the sound down on iTunes so that it doesn't go over the top of VoiceOver. Also, remember you can use the Apple remote to control the basic features of iTunes playback.
Accessibility Comments
The app is almost completely inaccessible to Voiceover, with no plans to improve it. See other comments from the developer